I-electron iwuhlobo lwezinhlayiya eziyisisekelo ezinesisindo esithile kanye neshaji elibi. Ingenza izinhlobo ezimbili zokunyakaza; enye iwukuhamba emzileni ozungeze i-nucleus, kanti enye iwukuzungeza i-eksisi edlula phakathi nendawo yayo. Njengoba ukunyakaza kwama-electron kukhiqiza izikhathi, imisinga kanye nezikhathi kazibuthe kukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokunyakaza. Ensimini kazibuthe esetshenziswa njalo H, umzuzu kazibuthe we-electron usebenza njengenduku encane kazibuthe noma inaliti. Njengoba inombolo ye-spin quantum ye-electron ingu-1/2, i-electron inama-orientation amabili kuphela endaweni yamagnetic yangaphandle: eyodwa ihambisana no-H, ehambisana nezinga eliphansi lamandla, amandla -1 / 2gβH; eyodwa iphikisana no-H, ehambisana nezinga eliphezulu lamandla, amandla angu-+1/2gβH, futhi umehluko wamandla phakathi kwamazinga amabili yi-gβH. Uma ohlangothini oluqonde ngqo ku-H, igagasi kagesi kagesi we-frequency v yengezwa ukuze ihlangabezane nesimo se-hv=gβH, ama-electron anezinga eliphansi lamandla amunca amandla kazibuthe kagesi bese egxumela ezingeni eliphezulu lamandla, elibizwa nge-electronic paramagnetic resonance. .